by RodStRace Fri Aug 06, 2010 8:24 am
Back then, there was a standard offset. Pretty much centered to a bit in (positive offset). You could get reverse offset aftermarket, which would be negative (deep part to the outside).
http://www.discounttire.com/dtcs/infoWheelOffsets.dosIt was later that the wider tires and wheels came out. Then with all the FWD cars, the offset went a lot more positive (deeper inside) due to the suspension design. In most stock wheels, the offset is designed to limit scrub. Picture a line through the top to bottom of the tire, even with the mounting flange like shown at the site in the link. It will end up touching the ground somewhere along the tread touching the ground. Now picture another line drawn through the center of the kingpin (our vans), through the center of the upper and lower balljoints (RWD cars) or from the top of the McPherson strut through the lower balljoint (FWD cars). These should touch the ground at the same point as the tire line. When you turn the steering wheel, the effort should be fairly low since the tire is pivoting around the steering axis. Put your finger in the center of your palm and twist your hand.
If you put on a wheel/tire that has a lot of negative offset (a deep dish mag or chrome reverse wheel), the tire's pivot point is further outside than the steering axis. This means the whole tire is scrubbing across the ground in a larger arc. Put your finger at the base of your palm and twist your hand.
This is why the steering effort increases and the tires wear more.
While there is a perfect offest for each car, it is not something that must be strictly followed unless you are driving road courses and optimizing the entire vehicle.
On our vans, you are usually limited by the steering tie rod end to only so much of the wheel being inside. If you want to keep a low effort steering, this limits the amount outside too, so you end up with a fairly narrow wheel and tire. If you want a wider wheel and tire, you end up with that extra width to the outside (negative offset). Most people tend toward a wider wheel for looks too.